Liver Biopsy
Percutaneous liver biopsy is a widely used tool in the investigation of liver diseases. Many studies confirm the safety and utility of ultrasound-guided liver biopsy, even in remote centers. Investigators have found that a liver biopsy was useful in confirming diagnoses in over 90% of patients with abnormal liver function tests but non-specific liver screening investigations and was also helpful in staging diseases, allowing physicians to detect the development of cirrhosis (scarring) and to place patients on appropriate treatment or surveillance protocols.
A tiny core of tissue is removed from the liver and sent to a laboratory to be examined under a microscope in order to help diagnose liver abnormalities such as hepatitis, cirrhosis or tumor. Prior to the biopsy, blood samples are taken to make sure the blood clots properly. Any medication which affects blood clotting, such as blood thinners or aspirin products, must be stopped 5-7 days before the procedure. All patients are treated with a local anesthetic. A special needle with a spring-loaded mechanism is inserted in between the lower ribs on the upper right hand side of the body under ultrasound guidance. After the procedure, the patient is positioned on their right side for up to four hours in the recovery area, where their vital signs and biopsy site are monitored. There may be some minor discomfort at the site of the puncture, or some radiating pain into the shoulder. No heavy lifting or strenuous activity is allowed for 72 hours. Patients who experience fever/chills, light headedness, increasing abdominal pain or distention, nausea and/or vomiting after the procedure should be evaluated immediately. With any type of biopsy procedure, there is a risk of bleeding, infection or damage to the organ or surrounding tissues. However, percutaneous liver biopsy carries an approximate mortality risk of only 0.01%. In most situations, the primary care physician receives a report with the results from the biopsy in 7-10 days.
Liver Biopsy - Copyright 2007 The New York Times Company
